The Soviets reoccupied the country in 1944–1945, and further deportations followed as the country was collectivised [114] Joint Nordic-Baltic co-operation initiatives include the education programme NordPlus[115] and mobility programmes for public administration,[116] business and industry[117] and culture. Riga is the capital and largest city of Latvia. According to statistics in late 2013, 45% of the population supported the introduction of the euro, while 52% opposed it. About 98% of Latvia has an elevation of less than 200 m (656 ft). Pope Celestine III had called for a crusade against pagans in Northern Europe in 1193. [165], Latvia's unemployment rate rose sharply in this period from a low of 5.4% in November 2007 to over 22%. A sheltered natural harbour 15 km (9.3 mi) upriver from the mouth of the Daugava — the site of today's Riga — has been recorded, as Duna Urbs, as early as the 2nd century. Since independence, theatre, scenography, choir music, and classical music have become the most notable branches of Latvian culture. In 1282, Riga, and later the cities of Cēsis, Limbaži, Koknese and Valmiera, became part of the Hanseatic League. It is bordered to the south by Lithuania, to the east by the Russia, to the south-east part by Belarus, to the north by Estonia and in the west Sweden. | A tapestry of sea, lakes and woods, Latvia is best described as a vast, unspoilt parkland with just one real city – its cosmopolitan capital, Rīga. File Type: png, File size: 230314 bytes (224.92 KB), Map Dimensions: 2056px x 1710px (256 colors) The private sector accounted for nearly 68% of the country's GDP in 2000. [78], However, the central power in Moscow continued to regard Latvia as a Soviet republic in 1990 and 1991. It is a Baltic state, a former USSR republic, with close cultural ties both to Russia and Lithuania. [113] Nordic-Baltic Eight (NB-8) is the joint co-operation of the governments of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, and Sweden. Oak (Quercus robur, Latvian: ozols), and linden (Tilia cordata, Latvian: liepa) are Latvia's national trees and the daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare, Latvian: pīpene) its national flower. However, most indigenous Latvians did not participate in this particular cultural life. 250 people identify as Livonians (Baltic Finnic people native to Latvia). Severe spells of winter weather with cold winds, extreme temperatures of around −30 °C (−22 °F) and heavy snowfalls are common. [93], Agricultural areas account for 1,815,900 ha (4,487,000 acres) or 29% of the total land area. In January 1991, Soviet political and military forces tried unsuccessfully to overthrow the Republic of Latvia authorities by occupying the central publishing house in Riga and establishing a Committee of National Salvation to usurp governmental functions. Common ingredients in Latvian recipes are found locally, such as potatoes, wheat, barley, cabbage, onions, eggs, and pork. [2] As of 2004 there were more than 600 Latvian neopagans, Dievturi (The Godskeepers), whose religion is based on Latvian mythology. [citation needed] Thus, the mostly peasant local pagan heritage was preserved, partly merging with Christian traditions. Nekustamais īpašums. In 2015 Latvia held the presidency of Council of the European Union. Russian, which was widely spoken during the Soviet period, is still the most widely used minority language by far (in 2011, 34% spoke it at home, including people who were not ethnically Russian). [53] After 1934, Ulmanis established government corporations to buy up private firms with the aim of "Latvianising" the economy. [46], The capitulation of Estonia and Livonia in 1710 and the Treaty of Nystad, ending the Great Northern War in 1721, gave Vidzeme to Russia (it became part of the Riga Governorate). [37] Together with southern Estonia, these conquered areas formed the crusader state that became known as Terra Mariana or Livonia. Most transit traffic uses these and half the cargo is crude oil and oil products. Of these, 42% are raised bogs; 49% are fens; and 9% are transitional mires. With most of Latvia's industrial base evacuated to the interior of Russia in 1915, radical land reform was the central political question for the young state. However, as a consequence of centuries of Russian rule (1710–1918) and later Soviet occupation, 26.9% of the population of Latvia are ethnic Russians,[24] some of whom (10.7% of Latvian residents[25]) have not gained citizenship, leaving them with no citizenship at all. Latvia 2532 x 1936 - 413.74k - png. Description: This map shows where Latvia is located on the World map. [44][45], Several important cultural changes occurred during this time. Independent once again since 1991, Riga's Art Nouveau center has won it UNESCO World Heritage Site designation. [73] Latvia manufactured trains, ships, minibuses, mopeds, telephones, radios and hi-fi systems, electrical and diesel engines, textiles, furniture, clothing, bags and luggage, shoes, musical instruments, home appliances, watches, tools and equipment, aviation and agricultural equipment and long list of other goods. Click on the Where Is Latvia Located to view it full screen. 70% percent of the mires are untouched by civilization, and they are a refuge for many rare species of plants and animals. [185] In 2011, there were even fewer Latvians than in 1989, though their share of the population was larger – 1,285,136 (62.1% of the population).[186]. Demands for self-determination were initially confined to autonomy, until a power vacuum was created by the Russian Revolution in 1917, followed by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk between Russia and Germany in March 1918, then the Allied armistice with Germany on 11 November 1918. [94] Forests account for 3,497,000 ha (8,640,000 acres) or 56% of the total land area. Latvia plans to base the development of its scientific potential on existing scientific traditions, particularly in organic chemistry, medical chemistry, genetic engineering, physics, materials science and information technologies. Eastern Latvia was cleared of Red Army forces by Latvian and Polish troops in early 1920 (from the Polish perspective the Battle of Daugavpils was a part of the Polish–Soviet War). Riga lies between latitudes 56.95 and longitudes 24.1000004. Until World War II, Latvia also had significant minorities of ethnic Germans and Jews. Denmark is located in North Europe and consists of the greater part of the Jutland Peninsula as well as a number of islands in the Atlantic Ocean, Baltic Sea and North Sea such as Greenland and the Faroe Islands. Here you can see an interactive Open Street map which shows the exact location of Latvia. [20] The Baltic Sea moderates the climate, although the country has four distinct seasons and snowy winters. However, there were not enough people to operate the newly built factories. [37] The local people, however, did not convert to Christianity as readily as the Church had hoped. The pact contained a secret protocol, revealed only after Germany's defeat in 1945, according to which the states of Northern and Eastern Europe were divided into German and Soviet "spheres of influence". Paul Krugman, the Nobel Laureate in economics for 2008, wrote in his New York Times Op-Ed column on 15 December 2008: The most acute problems are on Europe's periphery, where many smaller economies are experiencing crises strongly reminiscent of past crises in Latin America and Asia: Latvia is the new Argentina[168]. Where is Latvia located on the world map? At this time, songs often made fun of the characteristics of Soviet life and were concerned about preserving Latvian identity. INVEST RIGA Real Estate Investments in Latvia. Latvia is a member of the European Union, Eurozone, NATO, the Council of Europe, the United Nations, CBSS, the IMF, NB8, NIB, OECD, OSCE, and WTO. [41] Though the duchy was a vassal state to Poland, it retained a considerable degree of autonomy and experienced a golden age in the 16th century. Approximately 200 farms, occupying 2,750 ha (6,800 acres), are engaged in ecologically pure farming (using no artificial fertilizers or pesticides). The native dialect remained distinct, although it acquired many Polish and Russian loanwords. [145] Latvia acts as the lead nation in the coordination of the Northern Distribution Network for transportation of non-lethal ISAF cargo by air and rail to Afghanistan. The Baltic States are three countries west of European Russia, south of the Gulf of Finland, and north of Poland and Belarus. [158], Since the year 2000, Latvia has had one of the highest (GDP) growth rates in Europe. The municipalities are further subdivided into a number of smaller subdivisions. The second most popular sport is basketball. However, universal citizenship for all permanent residents was not adopted. [210], Starting in 2019 Latvia hosts the inaugural Riga Jurmala Music Festival, a new festival in which world-famous orchestras and conductors perform across four weekends during the summer. Riga is the capital city of Latvia. Riga (/ ˈ r iː ɡ ə /; Latvian: Rīga (), Livonian: Rīgõ) is the capital of Latvia and is home to 627,487 inhabitants (2020), which is a third of Latvia's population. From the age of 40 – more female. Big European events have been celebrated in Riga such as the Eurovision Song Contest 2003 and the European Film Awards 2014. Latvian cuisine has been influenced by the neighbouring countries. [19] Latvian and Lithuanian are the only two surviving Baltic languages. This page was last updated on November 9, 2020, All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com, California Condor Facts: Animals Of North America, The Causes And Effects Of Ocean Pollution. Latvia Bordering Countries: Latvia maps; Cities of Latvia. Approximately 72% of Latvian citizens are Latvian, while 20% are Russian; less than 1% of non-citizens are Latvian, while 71% are Russian. Where is Latvia Located? [74] The population of Latvia reached its peak in 1990 at just under 2.7 million people. [119], Latvia participates in the Northern Dimension and Baltic Sea Region Programme, European Union initiatives to foster cross-border co-operation in the Baltic Sea region and Northern Europe. [citation needed] They developed distinct cultural heritage, characterised by both Latvian and German influences. From 1 January 2007, Latvia switched to a professional fully contract-based army. The country might be small, but the amount of … The unemployment rate has receded from its peak of more than 20 percent in 2010 to around 9.3 percent in 2014. Spring and autumn bring fairly mild weather. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}57°N 25°E / 57°N 25°E / 57; 25, – in Europe (green & dark grey)– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]. Latvia has ratified the international Washington, Bern, and Ramsare conventions. From north to south the countries are Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, they occupy a low-lying region known as the Baltic Plains, a portion of the vast European Plain, the largest landform in Europe without mountains. After the German surrender, it became clear that Soviet forces were there to stay, and Latvian national partisans, soon joined by some who had collaborated with the Germans, began to fight against the new occupier. More-detailed discussion in Daina Stukuls Eglitis, "Baltic Thaw, Aegean freeze", The Economist, 27 February 2010, p59, Declaration on the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia, a crusade against pagans in Northern Europe, Learn how and when to remove this template message, German occupation of Latvia during World War II, Latvian anti-Nazi resistance movement 1941–45, Occupation of Latvia by Soviet Union 1944–1945, On the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia, historical and cultural regions in Latvia, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications, Presidency of the Council of the European Union, Inčukalns underground gas storage facility, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, "Pastāvīgo iedzīvotāju etniskais sastāvs reģionos un republikas pilsētās gada sākumā", "Tieslietu ministrijā iesniegtie reliģisko organizāciju pārskati par darbību 2011. gadā", Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, "Population number, its changes and density | Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia", "Population Census 2011 – Key Indicators", "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey", "The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia, Chapter 1 (Article 4)", "Official Language Law, Section 3 (Article 1)", "Official Language Law, Sections 4, 5 and 18 (Article 4)", "Official Language Law, Section 3 (Articles 3 and 4)", "Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings", "Northern Europe - EU Vocabularies - Publications Office of the EU", "UN classifies Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia as Northern Europe - Jan. 09, 2017", "UPHEAVAL IN THE EAST; Soviet Congress Condemns '39 Pact That Led to Annexation of Baltics", "Etniskais sastāvs un mazākumtautību kultūras identitātes veicināšana", "IRG110. According to the website, World Atlas, Latvia is located in Europe and is the 125th largest nation in the world (out of 195). [199], The Latvian healthcare system is a universal programme, largely funded through government taxation. Innovation and rising productivity led to rapid growth of the economy, but it soon suffered from the effects of the Great Depression. Strategically located between Eastern and Western Europe, at the mouth of the Daugava River on the Baltic Sea’s southern shores is, Riga – the capital, the largest and the most populous city of Latvia. [85], Most of Latvia's territory is less than 100 m (330 ft) above sea level. Large detailed map of Latvia. In 2014, Riga was the European Capital of Culture, the euro was introduced as the currency of the country and a Latvian was named vice-president of the European Commission. [69] Some managed to escape arrest and joined the partisans. [107] The most senior civil servants are the thirteen Secretaries of State. 7921x4805 / 19,6 Mb Go to Map. Saint Meinhard of Segeberg arrived in Ikšķile, in 1184, traveling with merchants to Livonia, on a Catholic mission to convert the population from their original pagan beliefs. Where is Cesis located Welcome! 56 percent[84] of Latvia's territory is covered by forests, mostly Scots pine, birch, and Norway spruce. [55] In the north, Latvia, Finland and Estonia were assigned to the Soviet sphere. https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/07/where-is-latvia-finding-latvia-on-a-map Popular discontent exploded in the 1905 Russian Revolution, which took a nationalist character in the Baltic provinces. [34] By 900 AD, four distinct Baltic tribes inhabited Latvia: Curonians, Latgalians, Selonians, Semigallians (in Latvian: kurši, latgaļi, sēļi and zemgaļi), as well as the Finnic tribe of Livonians (lībieši) speaking a Finnic language. [53] 30,000 Jews were shot in Latvia in the autumn of 1941. Latvia location on the World Map Click to see large. Since then, Lutheranism has declined to a slightly greater extent than Roman Catholicism in all three Baltic states. [80], Language and citizenship laws have been opposed by many Russophones. Strategically located between Eastern and Western Europe, at the mouth of the Daugava River on the Baltic Sea’s southern shores is, Riga – the capital, the largest and the most populous city of Latvia. Apart from road and railway connections, Ventspils is also linked to oil extraction fields and transportation routes of Russian Federation via system of two pipelines from Polotsk, Belarus. Back Print Riga. If necessary, scale the map, or choose a map from another provider (currently there are five available, from Google, Microsoft (Bing), Nokia (Ovi), Yandex, and OpenStreetMap). [173] Free port of Ventspils is one of the busiest ports in the Baltic states. [53], On 25 March 1949, 43,000 rural residents ("kulaks") and Latvian nationalists were deported to Siberia in a sweeping Operation Priboi in all three Baltic states, which was carefully planned and approved in Moscow already on 29 January 1949. The total fertility rate (TFR) in 2018 was estimated at 1.61 children born/woman, which is lower than the replacement rate of 2.1. [189], Beginning in 2019, instruction in Russian language will be gradually discontinued in private colleges and universities in Latvia, as well as general instruction in Latvian public high schools,[190][191] except for subjects related to culture and history of the Russian minority, such as Russian language and literature classes.[192]. Riga is the capital city. According to the UN, all three Baltic States are located in the same section with Scandinavian countries, UK, Ireland and other countries. Population by citizenship and ethnicity at the beginning of the year", "Socialinguistica: language and Religion", "Latvia – Country Profile: Human Development Indicators", "History of Latvia - Lonely Planet Travel Information", "Collector Coin Dedicated to 18th Century Riga", "Cēsis, Battle of | International Encyclopedia of the First World War (WW1)", Patriots or Nazi collaborators? [67] [140], Since March 2004, when the Baltic states joined NATO, fighter jets of NATO members have been deployed on a rotational basis for the Baltic Air Policing mission at Šiauliai Airport in Lithuania to guard the Baltic airspace. The peaceful Singing Revolution, starting in 1987, called for Baltic emancipation from Soviet rule and condemning the Communist regime's illegal takeover. In 1944, when Soviet military advances reached Latvia, heavy fighting took place in Latvia between German and Soviet troops, which ended in another German defeat. The largest city in Latvia is Riga, the second largest city is Daugavpils and the third largest city is Liepaja. New industry was created in Latvia, including a major machinery factory RAF in Jelgava, electrotechnical factories in Riga, chemical factories in Daugavpils, Valmiera and Olaine—and some food and oil processing plants. [180] The life expectancy in 2013 was estimated at 73.19 years (68.13 years male, 78.53 years female). [56]:64[56]:56, Under German occupation, Latvia was administered as part of Reichskommissariat Ostland. Latvia is located in Europe. An internal document of 18 March 1987, near the end of communist rule, spoke of an active membership that had shrunk to only 25,000 in Latvia, but the faith has since experienced a revival. Affiliations of the areas that comprise modern Latvia in historical & regional context: Latvia lies in Northern Europe, on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea and northwestern part of the East European Craton (EEC), between latitudes 55° and 58° N (a small area is north of 58°), and longitudes 21° and 29° E (a small area is west of 21°). A few high hills are found to the east of Riga, with the highest point being the Gaizinkalns at 311.6 m (1,022 ft). [51] The constitution was partly suspended by Kārlis Ulmanis after his coup in 1934 but reaffirmed in 1990. A full member of the Eurozone, it began using the euro as its currency on 1 January 2014, replacing the Latvian lats. [citation needed], Latvia operates Inčukalns underground gas storage facility, one of the largest underground gas storage facilities in Europe and the only one in the Baltic states. [71] An influx of new colonists, including laborers, administrators, military personnel and their dependents from Russia and other Soviet republics started. There are some low hils in the west and far southeast. [40], After the Livonian War (1558–1583), Livonia (Northern Latvia & Southern Estonia) fell under Polish and Lithuanian rule. [86][93], Latvia has the 5th highest proportion of land covered by forests in the European Union, after Sweden, Finland, Estonia and Slovenia. The Latvian SSR, along with the other Baltic Republics was allowed greater autonomy, and in 1988, the old pre-war Flag of Latvia flew again, replacing the Soviet Latvian flag as the official flag in 1990. [171], The IMF concluded the First Post-Program Monitoring Discussions with the Republic of Latvia in July 2012 announcing that Latvia's economy has been recovering strongly since 2010, following the deep downturn in 2008–09. [131], The country has a large ethnic Russian community, which was guaranteed basic rights under the constitution and international human rights laws ratified by the Latvian government. Valmiera is located in Latvia (Valmieras Rajons) and time zone Europe/Riga. It is a Baltic state, a former USSR republic, with close cultural ties both to Russia and Lithuania. Latvians march to commemorate SS veterans, "Opinion | Latvia opens its KGB archives — while Russia continues to whitewash its past", "Stories of Statelessness: Latvia and Estonia – IBELONG", "Emotion and Blame in Collective Action: Russian Voice in Kyrgyzstan and Latvia", "Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey 2012 Buildings, roads and other artificial areas cover 5% of the EU …and forests 40%", "Gauja National Park travel – Lonely Planet", "2012 Environmental Performance Index (EPI)", "Ecological Footprint Accounting for Countries: Updates and Results of the National Footprint Accounts, 2012-2018", "Латвийская более или менее официальная символика", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", Constitution of the Republic of Latvia with amendments and revisions, "Diplomatic and Consular Representations", "A foreign policy based on co-operation and constructive engagement", "Estonian Chairmanship of the Baltic Council of Ministers in 2011", "Co-operation of Baltic and Nordic States", "Nordic-Baltic mobility programme for public administration", "Nordic-Baltic Mobility and Network Programme for Business and Industry", "Nordic Council of Ministers' Office in Latvia", "Nordic Council of Ministers is looking for a Senior Adviser to run the Secretariat of Northern Dimension Partnership on Culture", "Enhanced Partnership in Northern Europe (e-PINE)", "The Economist Intelligence Unit's Index of Democracy 2008", "Statistics of the Human Development Report", Concluding observations of the Human Rights Committee: Latvia. [130], More than 56% of leading positions are held by women in Latvia, which ranks 1st in Europe; Latvia ranks 1st in the world in women's rights sharing the position with five other European countries according to World Bank. 'The publication, which followed two decades of public debate and the passage of a special law, revealed the names, code names, birthplaces and other data on active and former KGB agents as of 1991, the year Latvia regained its independence from the Soviet Union. In 1897, 61.2% of the rural population had been landless; by 1936, that percentage had been reduced to 18%. The national tournament is the Latvian Hockey Higher League, held since 1931. [87], Latvia has four pronounced seasons of near-equal length. Where is Latvia On A Map Of Europe the Japanese Stereotype Map Of Europe How It All Stacks Up. [125][137][138], The National Armed Forces (Latvian: Nacionālie Bruņotie Spēki (NAF)) of Latvia consists of the Land Forces, Naval Forces, Air Force, National Guard, Special Tasks Unit, Military Police, NAF staff Battalion, Training and Doctrine Command, and Logistics Command. [30], The name Latvija is derived from the name of the ancient Latgalians, one of four Indo-European Baltic tribes (along with Couronians, Selonians and Semigallians), which formed the ethnic core of modern Latvians together with the Finnic Livonians. Extremes of 35 °C ( −22 °F ) Lithuania, Belarusand Sweden Finnic tribe many have found about! Coordinates Info landscape, a country belongs to in battle. [ 82 ] Riga [! Republikas pil setas ) Jelgava, Jurmala, Liepaja, Rezekne, Riga, and can not in. Alba, Latvian: divpunktu mārīte ) - 224.92k - png 80 ], emancipation. Latvia would declare its independence from Russia in 1918 team 's only major FIFA tournament participation been! 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